Ice thickness and isostatic imbalances in the Ross Embayment, West Antarctica: model results [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] For Sale

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Ice thickness and isostatic imbalances in the Ross Embayment, West Antarctica: model results [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] | | Reviews

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Ice thickness and isostatic imbalances in the Ross Embayment, West Antarctica: model results [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] Reviews

Product Overview

This digital document is a journal article from Global and Planetary Change, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Thermomechanical flowline simulations indicate that the Siple Coast ice streams of West Antarctica have experienced only small deglacial thickness changes, are thinning more rapidly than their beds are rising isostatically, and can continue to retreat. Thickness changes of O(100)m are modelled at the modern grounding line through the last glacial cycle. The accumulation-rate increase accompanying warming out of the last glacial maximum (LGM) leads to a maximum simulated thickness change at the modern grounding line approximately 8 ka. Idealized isostatic simulations support coupling the ice-sheet model to an underlying elastic-lithosphere and relaxed-asthenosphere bedrock model. Dynamic interactions between ice and bedrock over the last glacial cycle indicate that isostatic rebound is raising the ice sheet at the modern grounding line faster than the rising sea level is submerging it. While, in and of itself, this could potentially lead to a grounding-line re-advance, ice flow is modelled to respond to recent changes in temperature, accumulation rate, and basal processes more rapidly than it does to bedrock-elevation and/or sea-level fluctuations. Previous results based on thermal controls on ice-stream behavior [Parizek et al., 2002: Geophysical Research Letters 29 (2002); Parizek et al., 2003: Annals of Glaciology 36 (2003) 251] support the view that thinning of the ice streams at the retreating grounding line will likely continue. While results indicate an additional few tens of meters of rebound remaining, land- and air-based observations will help constrain this magnitude with potential implications for uncovering past ice-loading history and future ice-sheet stability.




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Ice thickness and isostatic imbalances in the Ross Embayment, West Antarctica: model results [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] For Sale

---

Ice thickness and isostatic imbalances in the Ross Embayment, West Antarctica: model results [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] | | Reviews

>>>Order Now at Amazon<<<

Ice thickness and isostatic imbalances in the Ross Embayment, West Antarctica: model results [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] Reviews

Product Overview

This digital document is a journal article from Global and Planetary Change, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Thermomechanical flowline simulations indicate that the Siple Coast ice streams of West Antarctica have experienced only small deglacial thickness changes, are thinning more rapidly than their beds are rising isostatically, and can continue to retreat. Thickness changes of O(100)m are modelled at the modern grounding line through the last glacial cycle. The accumulation-rate increase accompanying warming out of the last glacial maximum (LGM) leads to a maximum simulated thickness change at the modern grounding line approximately 8 ka. Idealized isostatic simulations support coupling the ice-sheet model to an underlying elastic-lithosphere and relaxed-asthenosphere bedrock model. Dynamic interactions between ice and bedrock over the last glacial cycle indicate that isostatic rebound is raising the ice sheet at the modern grounding line faster than the rising sea level is submerging it. While, in and of itself, this could potentially lead to a grounding-line re-advance, ice flow is modelled to respond to recent changes in temperature, accumulation rate, and basal processes more rapidly than it does to bedrock-elevation and/or sea-level fluctuations. Previous results based on thermal controls on ice-stream behavior [Parizek et al., 2002: Geophysical Research Letters 29 (2002); Parizek et al., 2003: Annals of Glaciology 36 (2003) 251] support the view that thinning of the ice streams at the retreating grounding line will likely continue. While results indicate an additional few tens of meters of rebound remaining, land- and air-based observations will help constrain this magnitude with potential implications for uncovering past ice-loading history and future ice-sheet stability.




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Impacts of eustasy and hydro-isostasy on the evolution and landforms of Pacific atolls [An article from: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology] For Sale

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Impacts of eustasy and hydro-isostasy on the evolution and landforms of Pacific atolls [An article from: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology] | | Reviews

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Impacts of eustasy and hydro-isostasy on the evolution and landforms of Pacific atolls [An article from: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology] Reviews

Product Overview

This digital document is a journal article from Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Consideration of eustatic and hydro-isostatic effects on late Quaternary sea levels in the tropical Pacific Ocean indicates that the configuration of modern atolls with emergent annular reef flats is a transient morphology not developed until post-mid-Holocene time. Annular atoll reefs, perched atop carbonate platforms which cap buried volcanic edifices, are underlain by 8-28 m of Holocene limestone disconformably overlying a substratum of last-interglacial or older limestone. Comparable thicknesses (9-23 m) of Holocene sediment are present beneath atoll lagoons that are uniformly <85 m deep. During glacio-eustatic drawdowns in global sea level by 120-125 m, carbonate platforms of modern atoll provinces rose abruptly from the sea as clusters of subaerial limestone plateaus flanked by steep cliffs. Modern analogues are provided by emergent atolls uplifted on the flexural arches of trench forebulges. Slow subsidence coupled with karstic erosion of emergent atolls during the last glaciation lowered the surfaces of last-interglacial reef edifices by the amounts needed to provide accommodation space for Holocene reef growth during the postglacial eustatic rise in sea level. Modern atoll reef caps began to grow after ~9 ka when rising Holocene sea level overtopped degraded remnants of interglacial reefs, but remained submerged until carbonate buildups approached sea level in mid-Holocene time (6-4 ka). Classic atoll morphology, with circlets of multiple islets dotting annular reefs, formed in combination with late Holocene hydro-isostatic drawdown in tropical Pacific sea level in response to equatorial ocean siphoning, a facet of global isostatic adjustment (GIA) to deglaciation. Early Holocene eustatic rise in sea level and late Holocene hydro-isostatic decline in sea level combined to produce a regionally variable mid-Holocene highstand in tropical Pacific sea level that stood 1.0-2.6 m above modern sea level. Cemented mid-Holocene paleoreef flats now stranded well above sea level serve as resistant foundations for non-migratory (pinned) islets that were not present along atoll rims until after the local crossover date, when ambient high-tide level first fell below mid-Holocene low-tide level. Existing atoll landforms have a time depth generally <1-2 ka.




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Quasi-continuous global positioning system measurements of glacial isostatic deformation in the Northern Transantarctic Mountains [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] For Sale

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Quasi-continuous global positioning system measurements of glacial isostatic deformation in the Northern Transantarctic Mountains [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] | | Reviews

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Quasi-continuous global positioning system measurements of glacial isostatic deformation in the Northern Transantarctic Mountains [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] Reviews

Product Overview

This digital document is a journal article from Global and Planetary Change, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Global positioning system (GPS) measurements have been collected quasi-continuously between November 1996 and January 2001 at two autonomous GPS stations in the Northern Transantarctic Mountains. High-quality data from the two sites at Mt. Coates in the Dry Valleys and Mt. Cocks in the Royal Society Range have resolved significant horizontal motions. The vertical rate at Mt. Coates indicates an uplift of 4.5+/-2.3 mm/year, most likely due to glacial isostatic motion. Uplift at Mt. Coates deviates significantly from uplift predictions based on deglaciation models ICE-3G and ICE-4G, but is consistent with a model (D91-1.5) in which deglaciation persists up to the late Holocene.




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Impacts of eustasy and hydro-isostasy on the evolution and landforms of Pacific atolls [An article from: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology] For Sale

---

Impacts of eustasy and hydro-isostasy on the evolution and landforms of Pacific atolls [An article from: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology] | | Reviews

Product Overview

This digital document is a journal article from Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Consideration of eustatic and hydro-isostatic effects on late Quaternary sea levels in the tropical Pacific Ocean indicates that the configuration of modern atolls with emergent annular reef flats is a transient morphology not developed until post-mid-Holocene time. Annular atoll reefs, perched atop carbonate platforms which cap buried volcanic edifices, are underlain by 8-28 m of Holocene limestone disconformably overlying a substratum of last-interglacial or older limestone. Comparable thicknesses (9-23 m) of Holocene sediment are present beneath atoll lagoons that are uniformly <85 m deep. During glacio-eustatic drawdowns in global sea level by 120-125 m, carbonate platforms of modern atoll provinces rose abruptly from the sea as clusters of subaerial limestone plateaus flanked by steep cliffs. Modern analogues are provided by emergent atolls uplifted on the flexural arches of trench forebulges. Slow subsidence coupled with karstic erosion of emergent atolls during the last glaciation lowered the surfaces of last-interglacial reef edifices by the amounts needed to provide accommodation space for Holocene reef growth during the postglacial eustatic rise in sea level. Modern atoll reef caps began to grow after ~9 ka when rising Holocene sea level overtopped degraded remnants of interglacial reefs, but remained submerged until carbonate buildups approached sea level in mid-Holocene time (6-4 ka). Classic atoll morphology, with circlets of multiple islets dotting annular reefs, formed in combination with late Holocene hydro-isostatic drawdown in tropical Pacific sea level in response to equatorial ocean siphoning, a facet of global isostatic adjustment (GIA) to deglaciation. Early Holocene eustatic rise in sea level and late Holocene hydro-isostatic decline in sea level combined to produce a regionally variable mid-Holocene highstand in tropical Pacific sea level that stood 1.0-2.6 m above modern sea level. Cemented mid-Holocene paleoreef flats now stranded well above sea level serve as resistant foundations for non-migratory (pinned) islets that were not present along atoll rims until after the local crossover date, when ambient high-tide level first fell below mid-Holocene low-tide level. Existing atoll landforms have a time depth generally <1-2 ka.




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Quasi-continuous global positioning system measurements of glacial isostatic deformation in the Northern Transantarctic Mountains [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] For Sale

---

Quasi-continuous global positioning system measurements of glacial isostatic deformation in the Northern Transantarctic Mountains [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] | | Reviews

Product Overview

This digital document is a journal article from Global and Planetary Change, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Global positioning system (GPS) measurements have been collected quasi-continuously between November 1996 and January 2001 at two autonomous GPS stations in the Northern Transantarctic Mountains. High-quality data from the two sites at Mt. Coates in the Dry Valleys and Mt. Cocks in the Royal Society Range have resolved significant horizontal motions. The vertical rate at Mt. Coates indicates an uplift of 4.5+/-2.3 mm/year, most likely due to glacial isostatic motion. Uplift at Mt. Coates deviates significantly from uplift predictions based on deglaciation models ICE-3G and ICE-4G, but is consistent with a model (D91-1.5) in which deglaciation persists up to the late Holocene.




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Impacts of eustasy and hydro-isostasy on the evolution and landforms of Pacific atolls [An article from: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology] For Sale

---

Impacts of eustasy and hydro-isostasy on the evolution and landforms of Pacific atolls [An article from: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology] | | Reviews

Product Overview

This digital document is a journal article from Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Consideration of eustatic and hydro-isostatic effects on late Quaternary sea levels in the tropical Pacific Ocean indicates that the configuration of modern atolls with emergent annular reef flats is a transient morphology not developed until post-mid-Holocene time. Annular atoll reefs, perched atop carbonate platforms which cap buried volcanic edifices, are underlain by 8-28 m of Holocene limestone disconformably overlying a substratum of last-interglacial or older limestone. Comparable thicknesses (9-23 m) of Holocene sediment are present beneath atoll lagoons that are uniformly <85 m deep. During glacio-eustatic drawdowns in global sea level by 120-125 m, carbonate platforms of modern atoll provinces rose abruptly from the sea as clusters of subaerial limestone plateaus flanked by steep cliffs. Modern analogues are provided by emergent atolls uplifted on the flexural arches of trench forebulges. Slow subsidence coupled with karstic erosion of emergent atolls during the last glaciation lowered the surfaces of last-interglacial reef edifices by the amounts needed to provide accommodation space for Holocene reef growth during the postglacial eustatic rise in sea level. Modern atoll reef caps began to grow after ~9 ka when rising Holocene sea level overtopped degraded remnants of interglacial reefs, but remained submerged until carbonate buildups approached sea level in mid-Holocene time (6-4 ka). Classic atoll morphology, with circlets of multiple islets dotting annular reefs, formed in combination with late Holocene hydro-isostatic drawdown in tropical Pacific sea level in response to equatorial ocean siphoning, a facet of global isostatic adjustment (GIA) to deglaciation. Early Holocene eustatic rise in sea level and late Holocene hydro-isostatic decline in sea level combined to produce a regionally variable mid-Holocene highstand in tropical Pacific sea level that stood 1.0-2.6 m above modern sea level. Cemented mid-Holocene paleoreef flats now stranded well above sea level serve as resistant foundations for non-migratory (pinned) islets that were not present along atoll rims until after the local crossover date, when ambient high-tide level first fell below mid-Holocene low-tide level. Existing atoll landforms have a time depth generally <1-2 ka.




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Ice thickness and isostatic imbalances in the Ross Embayment, West Antarctica: model results [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] For Sale

---

Ice thickness and isostatic imbalances in the Ross Embayment, West Antarctica: model results [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] | | Reviews

Product Overview

This digital document is a journal article from Global and Planetary Change, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Thermomechanical flowline simulations indicate that the Siple Coast ice streams of West Antarctica have experienced only small deglacial thickness changes, are thinning more rapidly than their beds are rising isostatically, and can continue to retreat. Thickness changes of O(100)m are modelled at the modern grounding line through the last glacial cycle. The accumulation-rate increase accompanying warming out of the last glacial maximum (LGM) leads to a maximum simulated thickness change at the modern grounding line approximately 8 ka. Idealized isostatic simulations support coupling the ice-sheet model to an underlying elastic-lithosphere and relaxed-asthenosphere bedrock model. Dynamic interactions between ice and bedrock over the last glacial cycle indicate that isostatic rebound is raising the ice sheet at the modern grounding line faster than the rising sea level is submerging it. While, in and of itself, this could potentially lead to a grounding-line re-advance, ice flow is modelled to respond to recent changes in temperature, accumulation rate, and basal processes more rapidly than it does to bedrock-elevation and/or sea-level fluctuations. Previous results based on thermal controls on ice-stream behavior [Parizek et al., 2002: Geophysical Research Letters 29 (2002); Parizek et al., 2003: Annals of Glaciology 36 (2003) 251] support the view that thinning of the ice streams at the retreating grounding line will likely continue. While results indicate an additional few tens of meters of rebound remaining, land- and air-based observations will help constrain this magnitude with potential implications for uncovering past ice-loading history and future ice-sheet stability.




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Ice thickness and isostatic imbalances in the Ross Embayment, West Antarctica: model results [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] For Sale

---

Ice thickness and isostatic imbalances in the Ross Embayment, West Antarctica: model results [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] | | Reviews

Product Overview

This digital document is a journal article from Global and Planetary Change, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Thermomechanical flowline simulations indicate that the Siple Coast ice streams of West Antarctica have experienced only small deglacial thickness changes, are thinning more rapidly than their beds are rising isostatically, and can continue to retreat. Thickness changes of O(100)m are modelled at the modern grounding line through the last glacial cycle. The accumulation-rate increase accompanying warming out of the last glacial maximum (LGM) leads to a maximum simulated thickness change at the modern grounding line approximately 8 ka. Idealized isostatic simulations support coupling the ice-sheet model to an underlying elastic-lithosphere and relaxed-asthenosphere bedrock model. Dynamic interactions between ice and bedrock over the last glacial cycle indicate that isostatic rebound is raising the ice sheet at the modern grounding line faster than the rising sea level is submerging it. While, in and of itself, this could potentially lead to a grounding-line re-advance, ice flow is modelled to respond to recent changes in temperature, accumulation rate, and basal processes more rapidly than it does to bedrock-elevation and/or sea-level fluctuations. Previous results based on thermal controls on ice-stream behavior [Parizek et al., 2002: Geophysical Research Letters 29 (2002); Parizek et al., 2003: Annals of Glaciology 36 (2003) 251] support the view that thinning of the ice streams at the retreating grounding line will likely continue. While results indicate an additional few tens of meters of rebound remaining, land- and air-based observations will help constrain this magnitude with potential implications for uncovering past ice-loading history and future ice-sheet stability.




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Quasi-continuous global positioning system measurements of glacial isostatic deformation in the Northern Transantarctic Mountains [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] For Sale

---

Quasi-continuous global positioning system measurements of glacial isostatic deformation in the Northern Transantarctic Mountains [An article from: Global and Planetary Change] | | Reviews

Product Overview

This digital document is a journal article from Global and Planetary Change, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Global positioning system (GPS) measurements have been collected quasi-continuously between November 1996 and January 2001 at two autonomous GPS stations in the Northern Transantarctic Mountains. High-quality data from the two sites at Mt. Coates in the Dry Valleys and Mt. Cocks in the Royal Society Range have resolved significant horizontal motions. The vertical rate at Mt. Coates indicates an uplift of 4.5+/-2.3 mm/year, most likely due to glacial isostatic motion. Uplift at Mt. Coates deviates significantly from uplift predictions based on deglaciation models ICE-3G and ICE-4G, but is consistent with a model (D91-1.5) in which deglaciation persists up to the late Holocene.




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Precambrian continental freeboard and geological evolution: A time perspective [An article from: Earth Science Reviews] For Sale

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Precambrian continental freeboard and geological evolution: A time perspective [An article from: Earth Science Reviews] | | Reviews

Product Overview

This digital document is a journal article from Earth Science Reviews, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Continental crustal growth rates, crustal volumes/thicknesses, and continental freeboard are considered to be intimately related; however none are easy to quantify, least of all in the Precambrian. Additionally, crustal volumes/thicknesses and isostasy are related to changing mantle heat and the concomitant variation in thickness of ocean crust. Another set of variables would be the interaction of plate tectonics (and the onset of plate tectonics, a contentious issue in itself) and mantle plumes/superplumes. Further complication is provided by the ranges of freeboard elevations and eustatic sea level changes overlapping in scale, and sharing common genetic causes. The ''constant freeboard model'' suggests that the net results of the interaction of this complex set of variables has been that continental elevation relative to sea level, has remained essentially similar, on a global average basis, over much of geological time, assuming an essentially constant ocean volume since c. 3.8 Ga. Application of this model to the Precambrian geological record suggests that sigmoidal crustal growth rate models are probably the most reliable. A conundrum of the constant freeboard model would be that freeboard would tend to become lowered towards mean sea level for any specific craton over time; this ''freeboard-equilibrium'' would be interrupted for a particular craton by active geodynamic processes resulting from the interplay of plate tectonics and mantle thermal instabilities. In this paper we test the validity of this thesis of alternating approximate freeboard-equilibrium and active geodynamics, by examining the volcano-sedimentary record of a number of cratons: Kaapvaal, Singhbhum and Pilbara. For the Singhbhum craton (and bearing in mind its poor chronological data base), freeboard-equilibrium appears to have prevailed until c. 2.1 Ga, but for Kaapvaal and Pilbara, until c. 1.8 Ga, the geodynamic processes largely outweighed the tendency towards equilibrium, except for c. 200 My from c. 2.6 to 2.4 Ga when global sea level appears to have remained high and transgression was the norm. We thus tentatively add the plate tectonic cycle and mantle-thermal processes to the already complex association of concepts controlling continental freeboard over time.




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